Advantages and challenges of AMOLED technology for AUTO
2018-12-11

Audi released the E-Tron SUV with AMOLED digital mirrors. The external traditional mirror position is replaced by a camera. The interior uses a virtual mirror that consists of a 7” AMOLED display. Audi was equipped with this type of virtual mirror at the r18 sports show in 2012, but at the time it was an LCD.

UBI Research predicts that OLEDs for automotive use will exceed 400% in 2018-2022, and will have a 10% market share by 2022. The market size exceeds US$5 billion and becomes the standard for high-end smart cars.

So what is the technical advantage of the device itself when the AMOLED is applied to the automotive field?

The first aspect is that the basic picture quality of AMOLED is better than LCD, including readability (contrast, color gamut) in bright light environment, night readability, viewing angle, image quality stability at high and low temperatures, response speed and so on. Considering the in-vehicle application scenario, compared to LCD, AMOLED has the advantage of daytime viewing and no glare at night, that is to say, AMOLED can provide better picture performance regardless of day and night.

The dynamic speed of AMOLED is much higher than that of LCD. OLED has better response speed due to self-illumination. See the figure below for details. In theory, a faster response speed means a better driving experience for the driver and even improves driving safety.

The on-board display also needs adaptability in complex natural environments. Here we explain the high and low temperature. The LCD needs to control the brightness and darkness of the pixel through the deflection of the liquid crystal. The liquid crystal is very sensitive to temperature, in low temperature environment ( -50 ° C) The corresponding speed is greatly reduced, and the OLED is superior at both high and low temperatures.

In the second aspect, AMOLED can help the car display realize more differentiated design: no backlight, no thin module, flexible design, transparent display, mirror display and so on. The mirror display can be used on the rearview mirror. For related patents, see US20160308168A1. The schematic diagram is shown below. It is easier to design the smart rearview mirror and provide better performance.

Compared with LCD, transparent OLED has higher transparency, night display, high outdoor contrast and flexible design. The application scene can be display on the window, sunroof display, HUD display and so on.

However, automotive AMOLEDs also face great technical challenges, the most critical of which are life issues and reliability issues due to EL device lifetime issues. Compared with smartphones, the requirements for reliability are more stringent, and OLEDs are still difficult to meet the needs of vehicles.

The high temperature reliability of AMOLED is more fragile, and the life will drop rapidly as the temperature increases, as shown in the figure below.

However, Samsung and LG have continued to overcome these challenges through technological advancement, and domestic OLED panel manufacturers are also constantly striving. LG aims to achieve a T (80) life of 1200Hrs in 2018 and a high and low temperature reliability (-40°C to 95°C) of 500Hrs.

The main improvements include: Tandem structure, new high-life EL materials, heat-resistant EL materials, compensation circuits, reduced screen resolution, and more. It is reported that LG display has been conducting a 1.5-year test project with GM at the beginning of this year. If all goes well during the period, it will begin mass production in the third quarter of 2019.

The vehicle improvement target of LG Display is as shown in the above figure. It will focus on improving the life span, solving the problem of burn-in, and improving the screen brightness and high-temperature reliability. The technical route of the flexible AMOLED vehicle product is shown in the following table.

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